Juniper JN0-664模擬練習、JN0-664資格試験

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Juniper Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) 認定 JN0-664 試験問題 (Q21-Q26):

質問 # 21
You are configuring anycast RP for load balancing and redundancy in your PIM-SM domain. You want to share active sources between RPs.
In this scenario, what are two solutions that will accomplish this task? (Choose two.)

A. Configure MSDP on each RP router.
B. Configure MSDP on each source DR router.
C. Configure anycast PIM with the rp-set statement on each RP router.
D. Configure anycast PIM with the rp-set statement on each source DR router.

正解：A、C

解説：
In a PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) domain, Anycast RP is used for load balancing and redundancy by configuring multiple RPs with the same IP address. However, for active multicast sources to be shared between RPs, an additional mechanism is needed since PIM-SM does not automatically synchronize sources between RPs.
Evaluating the Answer Choices
Option A: "Configure MSDP on each RP router." #
* Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP) is required in an Anycast RP setup to share active source information between RPs.
* MSDP allows RPs to exchange source-active (SA) messages, ensuring that multicast receivers in different regions can still receive traffic from sources registered with different RPs.
* Juniper Documentation confirms that MSDP is used to synchronize active sources across multiple RPs in an Anycast RP deployment.
* # This is a correct answer.
Option B: "Configure anycast PIM with the rp-set statement on each RP router." #
* Anycast PIM allows multiple RPs to share the same IP address, and the rp-set statement is used to define the set of Anycast RPs.
* This enables receivers and sources to register with the closest RP.
* However, Anycast PIM alone does not share active source information between RPs; MSDP is still needed for that.
* The combination of Anycast PIM (rp-set) and MSDP is the correct approach.
* # This is a correct answer.

質問 # 22

Click the Exhibit button.
After adding Customer C to your Layer 3 VPN, you must ensure that PE2 is receiving VPN routes for all customers attached to PE1, as shown in the exhibit.
Which operational command displays this information?

A. show route table customer-c.inet.0
B. show route table bgp. 13vpn.0
C. show route table inet.0
D. show route summary

正解：A

解説：
In the context of Layer 3 VPNs (L3VPN) using MPLS, the routing information for different customers (VPNs) is typically stored in separate routing tables (VRFs). When you want to verify that PE2 is receiving the VPN routes for Customer C from PE1, you need to check the appropriate VRF routing table on PE2.
1. **Option A: show route table customer-c.inet.0**
- This command displays the routing table specific to Customer C's VRF.
- Since we want to verify that PE2 has received the VPN routes for Customer C, this is the most appropriate command to use.
- It allows us to see all routes learned for Customer C's VPN.
2. **Option B: show route table bgp.l3vpn.0**
- This command displays the BGP routing table for all L3VPN routes.
- While this includes routes for Customer C, it also includes routes for all other VPNs, making it harder to isolate the specific information for Customer C.
- This command is more useful for an overall view of BGP L3VPN routes rather than for a specific customer's VRF.
3. **Option C: show route summary**
- This command provides a summary of the routes in all routing tables.
- It doesn't give detailed information about the specific routes for Customer C's VRF.
- It's useful for a high-level overview but not for verifying specific customer routes.
4. **Option D: show route table inet.0**
- This command shows the global routing table, not the VRF-specific tables.
- The global routing table doesn't contain the VPN-specific routes that are stored in the VRF tables.
- Therefore, it won't help in verifying the routes for Customer C.
**Conclusion**:
To verify that PE2 is receiving VPN routes for Customer C from PE1, the most appropriate command is to check the specific VRF routing table for Customer C. Hence, the correct answer is:
**A. show route table customer-c.inet.0**
**References**:
- Junos OS documentation on MPLS VPNs: [Junos MPLS VPNs
Guide](https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/topic-map/mpls-vpns.html)
- Command Reference for Routing Tables: [Junos OS Routing Tables Command Reference](https://www.juniper.net/documentation/en_US/junos/topics/reference/command-summary/show-rout

質問 # 23
Exhibit

Referring to the exhibit, a working L3VPN exists that connects VPN-A sites CoS is configured correctly to match on the MPLS EXP bits of the LSP, but when traffic is sent from Site-1 to Site-2, PE-2 is not classifying the traffic correctly What should you do to solve the problem?

A. Configure VPN prefix mapping for the PE-1_to_PE-2 LSP
B. Set a static CoS value for the PE-1_to_PE-2 LSP
C. Configure the explicit-null statement on PE-2
D. Configure the explicit-null statement on PE-1.

正解：C

解説：
Understanding the Problem in MPLS CoS Classification
* How EXP Bits Are Used for CoS in MPLS
* Traffic is sent from VPN-A Site-1 # CE-1 # PE-1 # P-1 # PE-2 # CE-2.
* The MPLS LSP (Label Switched Path) from PE-1 to PE-2 is expected to carry MPLS EXP bits, which are used for Class of Service (CoS) classification.
* PE-2 should classify traffic based on EXP bits received in the MPLS label.
* What Happens with PHP (Penultimate Hop Popping)?
* By default, the penultimate router (P-1) pops the top MPLS label before sending the packet to PE-2.
* Since the EXP bits are in the top MPLS label, they get removed along with the label.
* This means that PE-2 no longer sees the correct EXP bits, leading to incorrect traffic classification.
* Solution: Configure Explicit-Null on PE-2
* Explicit Null (explicit-null) must be configured on PE-2 to ensure that P-1 does NOT remove the MPLS label.
* Instead of removing the label, P-1 will send a label of 0 (for IPv4) or 2 (for IPv6) to PE-2.
* This preserves the MPLS EXP bits, allowing PE-2 to classify the traffic correctly.
Evaluating the Answer Choices Again
# B. Configure the explicit-null statement on PE-2.
* Correct, because:
* PE-2 is the egress LSR, where Ultimate Hop Popping (UHP) must be enabled.
* Configuring explicit-null ensures that P-1 does not remove the label, preserving the EXP bits for CoS classification at PE-2.
* Configuration on PE-2:
set protocols mpls explicit-null
* Juniper Documentation Reference:
"Explicit-null must be configured on the egress LSR to prevent PHP from removing the top MPLS label, thereby preserving the EXP bits."
# A. Configure the explicit-null statement on PE-1.
* Incorrect, because:
* Explicit-null must be configured on the egress LSR (PE-2), not the ingress LSR (PE-1).
* PE-1 only labels the traffic but does not control PHP behavior on P-1.
# C. Configure VPN prefix mapping for the PE-1_to_PE-2 LSP.
* Incorrect, because:
* VPN prefix mapping is used for mapping VPN routes to LSPs but does not solve the EXP bit issue.
* The problem here is label removal (PHP), not route mapping.
# D. Set a static CoS value for the PE-1_to-PE-2 LSP.
* Incorrect, because:
* This does not preserve the original EXP bits, it only applies a static CoS value.
* It's a workaround, not a fix.
# B. Configure the explicit-null statement on PE-2.
Key Takeaways
* Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP) removes the outer MPLS label at P-1, which also removes the EXP bits used for CoS classification.
* To keep EXP bits intact, configure explicit-null on the egress PE (PE-2).
* This forces P-1 to send a label (0 for IPv4, 2 for IPv6) to PE-2, preserving the EXP bits for CoS classification.
Official Juniper Documentation Reference
# Juniper MPLS CoS and PHP Behavior Guide
"To retain CoS EXP bits at the egress LSR, configure explicit-null on the egress PE. This prevents PHP from stripping the MPLS label before reaching the final PE router."

質問 # 24
Referring to the exhibit, what must be changed to establish a Level 1 adjacency between routers R1 and R2?

A. Add IP addresses to the interface ge-1/2/3 unit 0 family iso hierarchy on both R1 and R2.
B. Change the level l disable parameter under the R1 protocols isis interface lo0.0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter.
C. Remove the level 1 disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface lo0.0 configuration hierarchy.
D. Change the level 1 disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface ge-l/2/3.0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter.

正解：D

質問 # 25
Which two statements are correct about VPLS tunnels? (Choose two.)

A. BGP-signaled VPLS tunnels require manual provisioning of sites.
B. LDP-signaled VPLS tunnels use auto-discovery to provision sites
C. LDP-signaled VPLS tunnels only support control bit 0.
D. BGP-signaled VPLS tunnels can use either RSVP or LDP between the PE routers.

正解：C、D

解説：
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/nce/feature-guide-virtual-private-lan-service/topics/task/vpls-ldp-signaling-solutions.html
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/vpn-l2/topics/concept/vpns-configuring-vpls-routing-instances.html#id-11510150__id-11568648

質問 # 26
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